Segue o pacote de matérias sobre o assunto:
Pentágono adverte Wikileaks
sobre risco vazamentos
"Nós não fazemos comentários sobre a
autenticidade dos documentos publicados pelo WikiLeaks", acrescentou o
porta-voz, que falou com a condição de permanecer anônimo
©AFP/Getty Images/File / Joe Raedle
Washington
- O Pentágono advertiu nesta sexta-feira o WikiLeaks que divulgar documentos
confidenciais pode pôr em perigo a segurança dos Estados Unidos, depois que o
site começou a publicar manuais sobre o tratamento aos presos sob custódia
militar do país.
"É
uma ameaça para nossa segurança nacional e enfraquece nossos esforços para
trabalhar com outros países a fim de resolver problemas comuns", afirmou à
Agência Efe um porta-voz do Departamento de Defesa que não confirmou a
autenticidade dos documentos.
"Nós
não fazemos comentários sobre a autenticidade dos documentos publicados pelo
WikiLeaks", acrescentou o porta-voz, que falou com a condição de permanecer
anônimo.
No
entanto, destacou que a divulgação não autorizada de documentos confidenciais
"proporciona ao inimigo um meio para danar substancialmente os EUA e
nossos aliados".
A
plataforma fundada por Julian Assange, conhecida pela difusão de milhares de
documentos diplomáticos dos EUA e de outros sobre as guerras no Iraque e no
Afeganistão, começou a divulgar na quinta-feira uma centena de documentos do
Departamento de Defesa americano.
Estes
documentos recolhem os procedimentos a seguir com os suspeitos que se encontram
sob custódia das autoridades militares dos EUA nos centros de detenção no
Iraque e na base de Guantánamo (Cuba), assim como os manuais para os
interrogatórios.
A
organização fundada por Julian Assange anunciou através de um comunicado que,
ao longo do próximo mês, divulgará por ordem cronológica os arquivos que
agrupou sob o título "Políticas de Detenção" com as instruções
seguidas durante mais de uma década.
Assange,
asilado na embaixada do Equador em Londres desde junho para evitar ser
extraditado à Suécia, onde é requerido por um suposto crime sexual, assinalou
em comunicado a importância "histórica" destes documentos, já que
"Guantánamo se transformou no símbolo do abuso sistemático dos direitos
humanos".
WikiLeaks: The Detainee Policies
05:00am New York Time
(EDT), (10:00am London time (BST)) Thursday, 25th October 2012
Starting today, Thursday,
25th October 2012, WikiLeaks begins releasing the ’Detainee Policies’: more
than 100 classified or otherwise restricted files from the United States
Department of Defense covering the rules and procedures for detainees in U.S.
military custody. Over the next month, WikiLeaks will release in chronological
order the United States’ military detention policies followed for more than a
decade. The documents include the Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) of
detention camps in Iraq and Cuba, interrogation manuals and Fragmentary Orders
(FRAGOs) of changes to detainee policies and procedures. A number of the
’Detainee Policies’ relate to Camp Bucca in Iraq, but there are also Department
of Defense-wide policies and documents relating to Abu Ghraib, Guantanamo Bay
and European U.S. Army Prison facilities.
Among the first to be
released is the foundation document for Guantanamo Bay ("Camp Delta")
– the 2002 Camp Delta SOP manual. The release of the ’Detainee Policies’ marks
three years of Camp Delta (Guantanamo Bay) SOP manuals released by WikiLeaks.
WikiLeaks has now released the main Guantanamo Bay operating manuals for 2002,
2003 and 2004. The previously unpublished 2002 manual went on to shape
successive years in the Guantanamo Bay prison complex and other U.S. military prisons
around the world, such as Abu Ghraib. "This document is of significant
historical importance. Guantanamo Bay has become the symbol for systematised
human rights abuse in the West with good reason," said WikiLeaks founder
Julian Assange. "But how is it that WikiLeaks has now published three
years of Guantanamo Bay operating procedures, but the rest of the world’s press
combined has published none?"
In relation to Iraq, the
release includes Operation Orders (OPORD) regarding policies for screening and
interrogating detainees. The documents also include routine instructions
relating to staffing, scheduling of legal visitation, procedures for
administering medical treatment, how medical records and daily staff journals
are to be kept, cigarette rationing and what items are "authorised for
detainee possession".
A number of what can only
be described as ’policies of unaccountability’ will also be released. One such
document is the 2005 document ’Policy on Assigning Detainee Internment Serial
Numbers’. This document is concerned with discreetly ’disappearing’ detainees
into the custody of other U.S. government agencies while keeping their names
out of U.S. military central records – by systematically holding off from
assigning a prisoner record number (ISN). Even references to this document are
classified "SECRET//NOFORN". Detainees may be disposed of in this
manner without leaving a significant paper trail.
Another formal policy of
unaccountability is a 2008 Fragmentary Order that minimises the record-keeping
surrounding interrogations. Following revelations of torture tapes and pictures
from Abu Ghraib and the political scandal over the destruction of Central
Intelligence Agency interrogation tapes, the FRAGO eliminates "the
requirement to record interrogation sessions at Theatre Internment
Facilities". Although the FRAGO goes on to state that interrogations that
take place at Division Internment Facilities and Brigade Internment Facilities
must be recorded, it then states that these should be "purged within 30
days". This policy was subsequently reversed by the new Obama
administration.
WikiLeaks founder Julian
Assange said: "The ’Detainee Policies’ show the anatomy of the beast that
is post-9/11 detention, the carving out of a dark space where law and rights do
not apply, where persons can be detained without a trace at the convenience of
the U.S. Department of Defense. It shows the excesses of the early days of war
against an unknown ’enemy’ and how these policies matured and evolved,
ultimately deriving into the permanent state of exception that the United
States now finds itself in, a decade later."
A number of documents
relate to the policies surrounding the interrogation of detainees (2004, 2005,
2008). Direct physical violence is prohibited, in writing, but a formal policy
of terrorising detainees during interrogations, combined with a policy of
destroying interrogation recordings, has led to abuse and impunity. We learn of
policies that apply to international forces: a 13-page interrogation policy document
from 2005 relates to all personnel in the Multi-National Force–Iraq (MNF–I). It
details "approved" "interrogation approaches". The
documents detail the promotion of exploitative techniques such as the
"Emotional Love Approach: Playing on the love a detained person has for
family, homeland or comrades". In the "Fear Up (Harsh)"
approach, by contrast, "the interrogator behaves in an overpowering manner
with a loud and threatening voice in order to convince the source he does indeed
have something to fear; that he has no option but to co-operate".
The ’Detainee Policies’
provide a more complete understanding of the instructions given to captors as
well as the ’rights’ afforded to detainees. We call upon lawyers, NGOs, human
rights activists and the public to mine the ’Detainee Policies’ and investigate
important issues such as the denial of access to the ICRC (International
Committee of the Red Cross) to detainee facilities, as well as to research and
compare the different generations of SOPs and FRAGOs to help us better
understand the evolution in these policies and why they have occurred.
Publicise your findings using the hashtag #WLfindDP
The Detainee Policies: http://wikileaks.org/detaineepolicies
Support WikiLeaks: https://shop.wikileaks.org/donate
Friends of WikiLeaks: https://wlfriends.org
WikiLeaks has begun
releasing the 'Detainee Policies': more than 100 classified or otherwise
restricted files from the United States Department of Defense covering the
rules and procedures for detainees in U.S. military custody. Over the next month,
WikiLeaks will release in chronological order the United States' military
detention policies followed for more than a decade. The documents include the
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) of detention camps in Iraq and Cuba,
interrogation manuals and Fragmentary Orders (FRAGOs) of changes to detainee
policies and procedures. A number of the 'Detainee Policies' relate to Camp
Bucca in Iraq, but there are also Department of Defense-wide policies and
documents relating to Abu Ghraib, Guantanamo Bay and European U.S. Army Prison
facilities. [read the full press release here]
Name Description Date
of creation Date of release Region of effect Document
type Pages
US-DoD-BUCCA-SOP-Anx-C-IF-Procedures-Draft-001-2004-04-01
SOP for Internment Facility
procedures at Camp Bucca (draft) 2004-04-01
2012-10-27 Camp Bucca, Iraq Standard
Operating Procedure 4
US-DoD-BUCCA-SOP-Apx-1-Sec-OIC-DO-to-Anx-B-Duty-POSNs-2004-04-01
SOP for Security OIC-Duty Officer
(SOIC/DO) responsibilities at Camp Bucca 2004-04-01
2012-10-27 Camp Bucca, Iraq Standard
Operating Procedure 2
US-DoD-BUCCA-SOP-Apx-10-CCT-SOG-to-Anx-B-Duty-POSNs-2004-04-01
SOP for Compound Control Team SOG
responsibilities at Camp Bucca 2004-04-01
2012-10-27 Camp Bucca, Iraq Standard
Operating Procedure 2
US-DoD-BUCCA-SOP-Apx-11-Detainee-Release-SOP-2004-04-01
SOP for detainee release at Camp
Bucca 2004-04-01 2012-10-27 Camp
Bucca, Iraq Standard Operating
Procedure 4
US-DoD-BUCCA-SOP-Apx-12-Intelligence-IF-SOP-2004-04-01
SOP for intelligence collection at Camp
Bucca 2004-04-01 2012-10-27 Camp Bucca, Iraq Standard Operating Procedure 8
US-DoD-BUCCA-SOP-Anx-A-Familiarization-2004-03-27
SOP for familiarization to
Camp Bucca 2004-03-27 2012-10-26 Camp Bucca, Iraq Standard
Operating Procedure 5
US-DoD-BUCCA-SOP-Working-Draft-001-2004-03-19
Main SOP for Camp Bucca (working
draft) 2004-03-19 2012-10-26 Camp Bucca, Iraq Standard
Operating Procedure 35
US-DoD-BUCCA-SOP-Apx-2-Bucca-ROE-to-Anx-A-Familiarization-2004-03-05
SOP for Rules of Engagement at Camp
Bucca 2004-03-05 2012-10-26 Camp Bucca, Iraq Standard
Operating Procedure 2
US-DoD-Links-to-OIF-Observations-2003-04-09
References for urban
operations manual 2003-04-09 2012-10-26 U.S. DoD Reference
List for OIF 11
US-DoD-MOU-US-UK-AUS-re-Detainees-2003-03-25
MOU between U.S. U.K. And Australia for
transfer of detainees 2003-03-25
2012-10-26 US, UK, AUS, Iraq, Afghanistan Memorandum of Understanding 3
US-DoD-DELTA-SOP-2002-11-11
Main SOP for Camp Delta,
Guantanamo 2002-11-11 2012-10-25 Camp Delta, Cuba Standard
Operating Procedure 33
US-DoD-CH-03-Annex-J-Visitation-2002-01-30
SOP for conducting visits to confined
inmates and detainees 2002-01-30 2012-10-25 U.S. Army Correction Facility-Europe Standard Operating Procedure 4
US-DoD-CH-07-Annex-C-Disorder-FOUO-2001-10-11
SOP for disorder emergency plan 2001-10-11 2012-10-25 U.S.
Army Correction Facility-Europe Standard
Operating Procedure 8
US-DoD-CH-07-Annex-D-EandA-FOUO-2001-10-09
SOP for apprehending and returning
escaped detainees 2001-10-09 2012-10-25 U.S.
Army Correction Facility-Europe Standard
Operating Procedure 5
US-DoD-DoD-Directive-1994-08-18-reissued-2004
DoD directive for program for
enemy prisoners of war and other detainees (reissued 2004) 1994-08-18 2012-10-25 U.S.
DoD DoD Directive 4